By 1525, Galen's books were available in which languages?

• A. Greek and Latin
• B. Latin and Arabic
• C. Greek and Arabic
• D. Latin only

Answer: (A)

Galen wrote in Greek, and in Europe his works reached scholars mainly through Latin translations made in the medieval period. As the Renaissance revived interest in Greek learning, some of his original Greek manuscripts began to be available in print as well. By 1525, educated readers in Western Europe could study Galen in both Greek and Latin, with Latin serving the everyday scholarly medium and Greek offering access to the original text. Arabic translations existed but were more central to the Islamic world and Medieval scholarship outside Europe, not the standard two languages used in European medicine by that date.